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Formation · Cambrian · limestone

Muav Limestone

The gray Cambrian limestone at the top of the Tonto Group — the mottled cliff above the Tonto Platform, laid down by the first sea to drown the continent.

Also known as: Muav

Cambrian — the first great burst of sea life

The world back then

Middle Cambrian, about 500 million years ago. The great sea keeps deepening westward, laying gray lime over the drowned continent — offshore, quiet, and mottled, shellfish scattered across a soft carbonate floor. Above it, an enormous chunk of time will go missing. A calm gray sea over a world with nothing yet living on land.

That gray sea floor is the cliff above the green Tonto bench, and you're down in the daylight far below it. The sea drained away hundreds of millions of years ago; the river stayed to carve you a corridor. Being the comfortable creature at the tail end of the story keeps turning out to be the best place to be.

Recognize it in the field

Typical color
gray to grayish-white (weathers dark gray to rusty-orange)
Weathers as
Cliff- and ledge-former — the gray cliff capping the Tonto Platform above the Bright Angel slope.
Grain
fine- to medium-grained; mottled

Look for

  • mottled gray limestone and dolomite
  • horizontal lamination and cross-stratification
  • records repeated transgressive–regressive cycles
  • intertongues laterally with the Bright Angel Shale

How this rock was made

Deposited on a westward-deepening Cambrian shelf during the great marine rising sea drowning the land (transgression) that drowned the continent.

The setting: offshore marine shelf (Sauk transgression)

46 ft (eastern Grand Canyon) to 249 ft (western); to ~820 ft at Frenchman Mountain, Nevada.

In the rock record

Part of the Tonto Group.

↑ Younger — rests above

Temple Butte Formationa gap in time (unconformity) · where present (channel fills)
Redwall Limestonea gap in time (unconformity) · where the Temple Butte is absent
Muav Limestone you are here
Bright Angel Shaleinterlocks like fingers (interfingering) · Grand Canyon

↓ Older — sits beneath

See the full regional rock columns →

Where to see it

Regions: Grand Canyon / Colorado Plateau

  • western Grand Canyon
  • Muav Canyon (type section)

Float past it: Grand Canyon