Skip to content
Formation · Permian · siltstone

Organ Rock Formation

The dark-red Permian river-plain siltstone below the White Rim — recessive red slopes that locally stand up as the pinnacles of the Land of Standing Rocks.

Also known as: Organ Rock, Organ Rock Shale

Permian — vast deserts, ending in the worst extinction ever

The world back then

Early Permian, about 287 million years ago. Braided rivers drag dark-red silt off a dying mountain range across a wide, dry basin — flash floods, dust, red mud, and the odd wandering dune. Hot and stark, a red-bed apron baking under the Permian sun. Not a soul, just red earth moving downhill.

Now it's the red slope below the White Rim, and you ride a steady current past a country that was all dust and flash flood. It shed itself off a dying mountain in violent fits; you drift through the calm aftermath. The warm animal with the good seat wins again.

Recognize it in the field

Typical color
dark red to reddish-brown
Weathers as
Chiefly a slope-former — recessive dark-red slopes below the White Rim bench; locally forms vertical cliffs and pinnacles (Land of Standing Rocks, Chocolate Drops) where indurated and White-Rim-capped.
Grain
silt to fine sand; thinly bedded

Look for

  • dark-red thin bedding
  • siltstone–sandstone–conglomerate cycles
  • recessive, slope-forming weathering
  • White-Rim-capped pinnacles (Standing Rocks)
  • braided-fluvial channel and floodplain structures

How this rock was made

A distal-river (fluvial) red-bed apron shed from the ancestral Uncompahgre highland across the Permian basin.

The setting: braided river channels, floodplains, and localized ergs

~500 ft (Monument Valley, Stewart 1959); 0–800+ ft (Condon 1992). Thins/pinches out eastward.

In the rock record

Part of the Cutler Group.

↑ Younger — rests above

White Rim Sandstoneno gap (conformable) · Canyonlands (Island in the Sky)
Organ Rock Formation you are here
Cedar Mesa Sandstoneno gap (conformable) · Canyonlands

↓ Older — sits beneath

See the full regional rock columns →

Where to see it

Regions: Colorado Plateau (Paradox Basin margin)

  • Land of Standing Rocks / Chocolate Drops (Maze District)
  • red slopes beneath the White Rim throughout Island in the Sky
  • Monument Valley (type area)

Float past it: Cataract Canyon · Meander Canyon · Narrow Canyon